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 Globulin

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PostSubject: What Are the Normal Globulin Levels?   Globulin I_icon_minitimeMay 24th 2017, 4:06 pm

What Are the Normal Globulin Levels?

Globulins are a group of proteins in the blood stream that help to regulate the circulatory system. Abnormal globulin level can lead to health trouble.

Your globulin levels will affect the amount of ample proteins in the blood stream. If these proteins are not kept at the proper ration, it can be difficult for the body to properly fight infection, clot or transport nutrients to the muscles, leading to health difficulties for the patient. Medical examinations must be done to determine if the globulin levels are where they should be, and what might be causing them to be lower or higher than normal. Medications can then be used to help return the globulin levels to the normal stage to avoid any potential dangers.

What Is Globulin?


Globulin is a generic term used to describe a set of sixty proteins including the antibodies or gamma globulins and protein-carbohydrate compounds known as glycoprotein. There are four basic groups of globulin proteins known as the alpha-1, alpha-2, beta and gamma proteins. These are used to help transport proteins through the lipoproteins and assisting the blood in clotting. They also act as plasma cells which indicate whether there is an antibody deficiency in the blood stream. The liver produces much of the alpha and beta globulins used for this purpose.


The level of these proteins is measured against the levels of albumin, the other major type of protein in the bloodstream. A specific ratio must be met in order to maintain healthy circulatory function. Ratios of globulin compared to albumin can be low or high, and each presents its own dangers.

Globulin Levels


Tests will be used to determine the specific levels of different types of globulin in the blood stream. These levels will fall into one of three categories. If your globulin levels are normal you will have a total level of 6.0-8.4 gm/dL of protein in the blood stream. Ideally, this level will fall at 7.5 g/dL. This should be comprised approximately of 3.5-5 gm/dL of albumin and 2.3-3.5 gm/dL of globulin. Ideally, albumin levels will fall at 4.5-5/100 ml, alpha globulin levels will remain at .2-.3 g/L and beta globulin levels will fall at .7-1.0 g/L.


Low Globulin Levels. If the globulin levels fall below this normal range it can be a sign of several serious health conditions. Renal disease, hepatic dysfunction, celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), acute hemolytic anemia, agammaglobulinemia and hypogammaglobulinemia can cause the globulin levels to drop. This is also a sign that proteins taken in by the digestive system are not being broken down or absorbed properly.

High globulin levels. Those with high globulin levels may be suffering from leukemia or other bone marrow disorders, autoimmunity diseases such as lupus or collagen diseases, chronic inflammatory diseases such as syphilis, waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, liver disease, Rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis, carcinoid syndrome, kidney disease or a chronic viral or bacterial infection. Further testing will be necessary to determine which of these disorders is causing the globulin levels to rise so adequate treatment can be administered.

Globulin Ratio


The proper globulin to albumin ratio is 1:2, though this can range from 1.7-2.2 and still remain healthy. If this ratio changes to an extreme level it can cause a number of health concerns. High levels of globulin can be caused by an overproduction of globulin, an underproduction of albumin or a loss of albumin. Albumin can be lost due to kidney disorders which lead to an excessive amount of protein being shed from the body.


You may also see an increase in the globulin ratio if you are suffering from hypogammaglobulinemia, which can be caused by a genetic disorder or cancers such as leukemia. Hypothyroidism can also alter the levels of globulin in the system, as can glucocorticoid, which can be caused by a tumor that releases cortisol-mimicking compounds, an overactive adrenal gland or excessive use of cortisone or cortisone-mimicking medications. If you consume a high carb or high protein diet that is not being monitored, it can cause the body's retention of protein to suffer, which can also lead to an altered globulin ratio.

Prevention and Treatment


A medical examination will be necessary to determine if the body is suffering from an altered globulin ratio. Your doctor will perform a protein components test to measure the levels of albumin, alpha and beta globulin proteins. A small blood sample can be used to determine the levels of these proteins throughout the body, which will help your doctor determine if the ratios of proteins in your system is at a healthy level. 



Those who suffer from liver or kidney disorders will have these levels checked frequently to determine if their body is functioning safely. If there is a distinct alteration in your globulin levels you will need to get medical attention right away to avoid doing serious damage to the body.

Drugs need attention. Some drugs such as androgens, growth hormone, steroids, progesterone or insulin will raise the protein levels at an unsafe rate. Similarly, estrogen medications, or drugs that create a toxic atmosphere in the liver can cause globulin levels to drop to a point which is unsafe. If you have recently started using a new medication and your protein levels appear to be altering, you will need to talk to your doctor about changing or eliminating your prescription.


Severe conditions. If a protein test has found significantly altered globulin levels, this can be a sign that you are suffering from a kidney wasting disease, kidney dysfunction, impaired nutrition, immune disorders, cancer or liver dysfunction. Your doctor will look at your other symptoms to help them determine what might be causing your globulin ratio to alter so that proper treatment can be administered. This may include removing a tumor, starting cancer treatment, altering the diet, taking medication or starting a dialysis program to help the body manage the bloodstream more effectively.
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PostSubject: Globulin   Globulin I_icon_minitimeJanuary 1st 2015, 11:38 am

Proteins are critical because they are the basic components of all cells, tissues, organs and enzymes in the human body. Certain proteins can help us maintain a healthy immune system by fighting off different infections. Along with albumin and fibrinogen, globulins are one of the major proteins in the blood. There are approximately sixty different types of globulins that help the body clot blood, fight infection, and carry other proteins in the body.

What Is Globulin?

Definition: The globulin proteins are blood serum proteins that are usually classified into four groups defined as gamma globulins (primarily associated with immune system function), beta globulins (primarily associated with hormone transport), alpha-1 globulins and alpha-2 globulins (primarily associated with clotting function).

Optimal Range: The optimal range for Globulin is 2.3-2.8 g/dL. The optimal range for Alpha Globulin is 0.2-0.3 g/L; the optimal range for Beta Globulin is 0.7-1.0 g/L.

Albumin/Globulin Ratio: The albumin/globulin ratio is the amount of albumin divided by the amount of globulin. The ideal ration is 1.7-2.2. An A/G ratio that is lower than 1.7 may indicate liver disease; a ratio higher than 2.2 may indicate decreased thyroid function, low globulin, or an excess of glucocorticoids.

What does Abnormal Globin Level Indicate?

High Globulin Levels. High serum globulin levels may be indicative of some chronic inflammatory or infectious disease or condition, leukemia or other bone marrow disease, an autoimmune disease such as lupus or rheumatoid arthritis, liver or kidney disease, or carcinoid tumors.

Low Globulin Levels. Low serum globulin levels typically indicate liver disease, an inability to digest or absorb dietary protein, inflammatory bowel disease or celiac disease, some sort of cancer, hemolytic anemia or kidney disease.

How to Increase Globulin Count

If your doctor suspects that your globulin count is low, you will probably be sent to the lab to have your blood drawn for testing. When the results come back to your healthcare provider, she may want to try diet or medication to increase your globulin level.

High Globulin Foods. If your blood tests show low globulin levels, you may be able to increase them through your diet. Eat high protein foods that are also high in globulins. Make a mixture of hemp seeds, dried apricots, peas, prunes and raisins to sprinkle on a salad of mustard greens, spinach and kale. Red meat (beef and lamb) and seafood such as oysters, shrimp and sardines are high in globulin. Eggs and whole grains make a globulin-rich breakfast. In addition to being high in proteins and globulins, all of these foods are also high in the other vitamins necessary for a well-balanced diet. Don't forget dried fruits and vegetables as well as leafy green vegetables.

Supplements and Medication. If increasing the globulin-rich proteins in your diet does not raise your globulin level, your healthcare provider may want to use medications or supplements to raise the level.
When to Use Immune Globulin

Antibodies in the blood serum are also known as immunoglobulins. When your body cannot create enough immunoglobulins to fight infection, your healthcare provider may prescribe doses of IV immune globulin to bolster your system. Some of the common uses of immune globulin include:

Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn. If the Rh factor of the newborn contains an antigen and the mother's does not, the mother's body will identify that antigen as "foreign" and will mobilize antibodies that will remain in her body. If she becomes pregnant again and the fetus also carries the Rh antigen, the mother's antigens will begin to destroy the red blood cells of the fetus. To prevent this, IV immune globulin will be given to the mother during the first pregnancy to prevent antibody production.

Snake or Spider Bites. Particularly for black widow and rattlesnake and coral snake bites, immune globulin is used with anti-venom to promote the immune system.

Hepatitis B. IV immune globulin can be given to a person exposed to hepatitis B. The globulin provides immediate protection against the hepatitis B virus.
Immunodeficiency Diseases. This class of diseases is characterized by some sort of deficiency in the immune system. IV immune globulin is often given when these deficiencies are detected.

Guillain-Barré Syndrome. In Guillain-Barré syndrome, antibodies begin to attack nerves outside of the spinal cord. Typically beginning in the legs, this syndrome causes paralysis which moves upward in the body often affecting breathing. IV immune globulin counteracts the antibodies that attack the nerves so that the progression of the syndrome can be slowed or arrested.

Kawasaki Syndrome. Although the cause of Kawasaki syndrome (KS) is not known, it affects young children by producing high fever, swollen hands and feet, swollen glands in the neck, coronary aneurysms, and rash and inflammation around the lips, mouth and throat. In the case of KS, IV immune globulin is helpful in preventing coronary aneurysms.

Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP). Affecting both adults and children, ITP is relatively harmless in children who generally recover without treatment. In adults, ITP causes the body to make antibodies that destroy platelets. Since platelets help in the clotting process, adults with ITP may have severe bleeding. IV immune globulin fights the antibodies that are destroying the platelets.
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